Brexit: what has happened so far

On 23 June the UK voted to leave the EU with 52% of the votes for Leave versus 48% for Remain.

While the majority of the country voted to leave, Scotland, Northern Ireland, London (and Gibraltar) voted to remain.

Nigel Farage, one of the main promoters of the leave campaign, announced in his victory speech that no bullet had been fired. 

Just days before the referendum, labour MP Jo Cox died after being shot and stabbed by a man shouting "Britain first".

As the referendum results became apparent

• The pound sterling fell to its lowest level in 31 years.
• The markets crashed.
• David Cameron announced his resignation as Conservative Party leader and UK Prime Minister.
• Scotland and Northern Ireland voiced their firm intention to remain in the EU, potentially leading to the dismemberment of the United Kingdom.
• The ratings agencies downgraded the UK's credit rating. 

When asked about the £350 million per week that had been promised to the NHS instead of the EU - one of the key messages of the Leave campaign - Nigel Farage admitted that it was a mistake and that he couldn't guarantee it.
 
The other lies of the Leave campaign soon became apparent: 

Immigration levels cannot be reduced even if the UK leaves the EU. 

The Leave campaigners now want preferential access to the single market, but the UK cannot get this if it does not accept freedom of movement.

Once voters started to become aware of the politicians' lies and of the devastating effects of the Leave vote on the economy and on the domestic political landscape, #Regrexit started to trend on Twitter.

So far 4 million people have signed a petition calling for a second referendum on the EU.

On 28 June Nigel Farage spoke (for the last time?) and was booed at the European Parliament.

On 28 June at an informal meeting of the European Council (for the first time in 40 years without the UK PM), the 27 leaders of the member states announced that there would be no negotiations of any kind until the UK formally notified its intention to withdraw from the EU, i.e. until it triggered Article 50.

They also made it clear that there would be no compromise on freedom of movement.

On 30 June, in a shock announcement, Boris Johnson, a strong promoter of the Leave campaign and aspiring leader of the Tories, announced in a press statement that he would not stand for the Tory leadership contest.

So who will be the next conservative party leader?
Here are the contestants:
Teresa May - home secretary and supporter of Remain.
Michael Gove - justice secretary and Brexit campaigner.
Stephen Crabb - work and pensions secretary and supporter of Remain.
Andrea Leadsom - energy minister and promoter of Leave campaign.
Liam Fox - former cabinet minister and Brexit campaigner.

Meanwhile, the labour party is in disarray. Jeremy Corbyn, the party leader, has been repeatedly encouraged to leave (including by David Cameron "For heaven's sake man, go!") but he insists he's not going anywhere. Labour MPs even passed a vote of no confidence in Jeremy Corbyn.

The Liberal Democrats party has reported that people are joining them at a rate of one a minute following leader Tim Farron’s commitment to fight to rejoin the EU. 

Finally, the referendum result is not legally binding in UK law and alone does not trigger the UK's departure from the EU. That has to be done under the withdrawal process laid down in Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty. Once notice is given by the PM, there is a two-year deadline to negotiate an exit deal. 

Please join me for the next instalments.

Brexit: disappointed Brits and other Europeans share their thoughts

Me, a British-Italian national, living in Germany
The more I read and the more I think about Brexit, the more worried and frightened I am about the future.

The results of the referendum were a huge shock for me and millions of others, but what I find just as shocking is the hatred that these results have fuelled. As well as the extremely worrying reports of racism in the UK in the wake of the leave vote, I am concerned about the angry statements of some my European (non-British) friends.
 Although leave won by 52% to 48%, millions of Brits wanted to remain in the EU. They voted Remain because they want to be part of the EU and cannot understand why the rest of the country wants to leave. Much has been said about Regrexit and some voters changing their minds (once they had witnessed the devastating effects on the economy, on the domestic political landscape and the lies that the leave campaign was based on, amongst other things). Some people have indicated that given a second chance they would vote differently. 

Unfortunately, the events of the past week have not shed a positive light on the UK and on British people, so I would like to share the views of some British friends and Europeans, who have made a home in the UK, who are shocked and upset about the results of the referendum. Just like me, they believed in the dream of a European Union.  

Carol, a British national, living in the UK

"So much of my life has been defined by the EU and the fact of the British presence within it. I spent time in an EU country while at university, under an EU programme. I did my PhD alongside EU students in a top UK university, which of course is partly funded by the EU both in direct (research) and indirect (paying students) terms. I lived and worked in the same EU country after my degree, which was easy because of my nationality. I worked with academics from all over the world and saw the competition for EU funding and the advantage that funding and collaboration brings to science.

The way that I think, the way that I am, has been defined by my life experience, and I'm not sure how to conceive of a UK outside of the EU. If you voted to leave, I'm sure you had your reasons; maybe you feel as strongly about it as I do. Please bear with me while I try to adjust to a new and unwelcome world view."

Sarah, a British national living in the US
"I identify as European as much as British and to have that taken away from me is like someone trying to take away a part of what makes me me. It’s a decision that hits right at the core of who we are personally and then on a bigger scale throughout the UK, Europe and the world."

Nadine, a German national living in the UK
"I came to the UK as an exchange student and over the past 12 years I have built myself a home, worked and partied hard, forged many friendships and did what I could for this country, by contributing to the economy, petitioning for my library and volunteering in a local park. But I was happy to do that because I felt one with this country.

When the Brexit result came in, I was actually in Berlin. Germany has now become my holiday destination and the UK my home. My first reaction was utter shock and disbelief. I had anticipated a tight outcome, but I always believed that good sense and decency would prevail. Many of the people who voted Leave have been used by a campaign which was a simple scramble for the top. The campaign was indecent because inciting xenophobia is always indecent, looking for a scapegoat is indecent and using people's fear to your own advantage is indecent.

Two days after the results, I went back to a changed country. I always felt that London was my home, England my adopted country and I felt welcomed here. I cherished the openness and friendliness of the people, their helpfulness and cheerfulness despite the weather. When I stepped off the plane at Gatwick and onto the train, for the first time I didn’t really feel at home any more. I somehow didn’t feel welcome. Worse, I actually felt betrayed. I also felt very sad, that Britain had not recognised the good of the EU and that immigration had been used on both sides, Leave and Remain, for their power struggle.

If Leave used lies and scare tactics to achieve their goal then the Remain side did not do enough to dispel those lies. Unfortunately, once you have sown the seed of xenophobia it is hard to rid yourself of it again. Yesterday while walking through a park and talking on the phone in German, for the first time I was conscious of the fact that I was speaking a different language and that somebody may tell me to go home – wherever that is now..."

Finally, if you haven't yet read this, here is the wonderful description of our European family by my brother Stefano.

I present you my very European family, from left to right:
Claudio my father Italian, lived all his life in sunny Palermo.
Michael my brother in law born in Germany, met my sister in France, lived and worked in London now lives in Berlin.

Leonardo my nephew, born and bred in Berlin, he is German Italian British, at the age of 4 speaks 3 languages, and is very fond of aeroplanes, fire engines and cruise ships.
Rachel my mother, born in Britain to British parents, moved to Italy in her 20s still there 40 odd years later.
Audrey my grandmother, British born, her daughter(Rachel) and her son(Nic) live in Italy, sister married a German man and as a result has two half German half British nieces.
Linda my sister, Born in Britain, grew up in Italy, went to university in Sheffield and France, moved to Germany, worked in London for years now lives in Berlin.
Me, born in Britain, grew up in Italy, went to uni in Italy, Australia for a term and Brighton, moved to London 10 years ago, work with USA and India, spend most of his time in the Netherlands.
Ellie Wrate my girlfriend, born and bred in Newcastle to a half Austrian father, went to university in Scotland and Italy, lived in France and Australia, lives in London.
Behind the camera is Jem my uncle, born in England, has lived most of his adult life in Scotland, spends most of his free time in Germany.
This is what the European Union looks like not a divided continent based on false accusations and made up numbers, it is idea that our grandfather spawned from the ashes of a war torn continent that dreamt about a peaceful future where people could be free and live in harmony.
Don't listen to hate fuelled xenophobes, vote remain and ask your government for reform!

 
This is the European Union. Let's keep the dream alive. Let's make our voices heard and fight for the UK to remain in the EU.

My life in the EU

Yesterday I was shocked, sad and angry. Today I am still angry with the people that have voted to leave, but I am mostly sad. I am sad for the 48% of the British population that wanted to remain and I am especially sad for the young people that could not even vote and that will never experience life in the EU.
I was born in the UK and I grew up in Italy in a British/Italian family. I spent most of my summers as a child in the UK.

I studied at a British university and most of my friends were undergraduates, Erasmus* students, PhD students and postdocs from the EU. 

I studied at a French university for a year, as an Erasmus student from a British university, and met lots of lovely people from the EU, including the UK. In France I also met my German husband, by the way.

When I finished my degree I moved to Germany, where I worked and spent my free time with lots of Brits living and working in Germany.

I then moved to London, where I studied and worked with young people from the EU that were living, studying and/or working in the UK.

Now I live in Berlin, which is also the home of thousands of Brits.

My life would not have been the same without the EU. I would not have met most of my friends. I would not have met my husband and I would not have a son that can speak three languages.

I am sorry for the young generation living in England and Wales (Scotland and Northern Ireland may choose a different path) that will not be able to have the same wonderful experiences. They will never know what it meant to be part of the European Union.

*The Erasmus Programme is an EU exchange student programme that has been in existence since the late 1980s. Its purpose is to provide foreign exchange options for students from within the European Union and it involves many of the best universities and seats of learning on the continent.