We don't need more walls

It was November the 9th 2009. People, leaders and celebrities from all over the world had gathered in the German capital to mark the 20th anniversary of the fall of the Berlin wall. I had just moved to Berlin and was delighted to be able to participate in the celebrations by the Brandenburg Gate. It was a cold night, it was raining, but we were all excited to witness this historical moment.

One of the leaders who gave a speech about the importance of the fall of physical and mental walls was US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton. 

How sad and ironic that exactly seven years later Hillary Clinton should lose the US presidential election to a man who has promised to erect a wall on the border between the United States and Mexico (amongst many over outrageous proposals).

Former UK Prime Minister Gordon Brown was also in Berlin for the 20th anniversary of the fall of the wall and spoke of one united Europe. Seven years later Brexit happened.

If there is one place on earth that knows the devastating effects of a wall this is Berlin, the city I live in and a city that was divided for almost 30 years.

When people worldwide choose to build more walls, more barriers, more fences both physical and psychological, something has clearly gone wrong.    

Io parlo Deutsch

 Growing up with three languages part 2

I have recently read some interesting articles and studies about bilinguals, but I have found very little on trilinguals.

When I was a child and teenager (back in the 80's and 90's) being bilingual was not that common. I remember being on a school trip and phoning home from a telephone box, with my Italian class mates listening in fascination as I spoke English to my Mum. What was normal to me was special for most of them.
These days being bilingual is not such a big deal, but being trilingual still is.
I know a few children being raised with three languages and my son is one of them. As with most parenting issues, I tend to ignore the advice I don't agree with and follow my own instincts. In this case my instinct told me that we should try to raise little one with three languages right from birth.
His first words were a mixture of German, Italian and English and by a very early age he could already distinguish between the three languages. When he was two years old and started constructing actual sentences, there was a prevalence of German, which is the language of the country we live in. But whenever we spent some time in Italy or England, his vocabulary would suddenly expand and he would become more confident in the other two languages.
By the age of three, Leo's Italian was at the same level as his German (especially after spending several weeks in Italy over the summer holidays), but his English mainly consisted of simple "yes" and "no" answers and some basic words. 
During the past year, he has often surprised us with his growing understanding of English sentences. Before he turned four he could follow most of what we were saying in English and watch Peppa Pig or Thomas the Tank Engine in English without any problems. Then around his fourth birthday and after spending time in Italy with his Italian and English family, we had a breakthrough: little one suddenly started speaking English, constructing full sentence and using different tenses.
"That was amazing!"
"We are going to the airport."
"The bridge collapsed." 
"When Henry arrived, Thomas left."
"Thank you for flying Lufthansa, on time!"
Now not only does he speak English, but he can switch from English to German and/or Italian and back without any trouble.
He knows exactly which language to use depending on the country, the person, the book or the character of the story. For example, if he is playing with Thomas the Tank Engine, then he only speaks English. If he is a pilot talking to the manager at Frankfurt airport, he speaks German. If he has to explain something to me he switches to Italian.
Sometimes he mixes words from different languages or he adds "en" to an Italian word to make the German equivalent or "o" to an English word to make the Italian equivalent.
For example: "Der bridge ist schon damaged" -->German & English
"In dieser Direzionen" ("direzionen" from the Italian direzione) -->German
"Ora metto il Deckel e poi squeezo il dentrificio" ("squeezo" from the English squeeze) --> Italian and German
As with "squeezo", the results are often hilarious.

Berliners (with German nationality) have voted

Berlin residents (including EU nationals) went to the polls yesterday, with a striking difference: German nationals were given three ballot papers, while EU nationals were given only one. According to Council Directive 94/80/EC of 19 December 1994, "EU citizens may vote or stand as candidates in municipal elections in any EU country in which they live".
In Berlin, this means that EU nationals can only vote in the most local of local elections: the "Bezirksverordnetenversammlung" (one of those lovely never-ending German words) or in simpler words the borough assembly elections.
EU nationals living in Berlin are not eligible to vote in the elections that really matter: the "Abgeordnetenhaus" (the Berlin parliament so to speak).
As someone who has lived in Berlin for many years and is not planning to move any time soon, I am extremely interested in the election results, as they will have an impact on my life and on my family's life. Unfortunately, I would have preferred an active role, rather than that of spectator or accompanier. While I could only vote in the borough (or district) elections, my husband and practically every one else around me could also vote in the Berlin parliament elections.
Why? This is my city as much as theirs.
Considering that Berlin is an international city, you would think that everyone's vote would count, not just the votes of German nationals. This city wouldn't be the same without the contributions of the thousands of non-German nationals that live here. Just thinking in terms of food, there wouldn't be much else on the menu except for Currywurst, Bulette (meatballs) or Eisbein (pork knuckle) if it wasn't for the expats.
In terms of the actual results, what is particularly interesting about the Berlin elections is the geography, which can be summarised as: West Berlin has voted CDU (centre right), central Berlin has voted SPD (centre left) and Grüne (green party), East Berlin has voted Linke (left) and far East Berlin has voted the right-wing, anti-immigration, populist party AfD (Alternative für Deutschland), a sort of UKIP.
As everywhere else in Europe, the traditional parties, in this case the SPD and CDU, have lost ground, while the populist parties are gaining voters. The Pirates, meanwhile, have disappeared from the radar.
The rise of the AfD is extremely worrying. If this party can win 14% in Berlin, what will happen in the rest of the country?
Here's some food for thought: if all Berlin residents (non just the ones with a German passport) had been allowed a vote, perhaps the AfD might not have won so many seats in the Berlin parliament.